Final+Project

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When an object vibrates it makes a sound (kinetic energy) and depending on the size of the object that is vibrating the pitch it's lower or higher. The Sound Waves are the way the sound travels to our ears, and it's caused by the changes of the pressure that are in the air. Here in these pictures we can see the Av. Libertador and urbanization in Santa Eduvigis were there is a perfect management to stop the noise that came from the traffic to the apartaments. In the case of the Av. Libertador, the highway is in a lover level than the buildins, this way the sound is canalized and does not affect the environment. In the oder hand we have also trees in the basis of the building creating a barrier between the noise and the buil ding. In the picture of Santa Eduvigis the trees are even between building creating the same effect. But these manners aren’t so usual in Caracas, here we try to bring more comfort but there are still lots of problems. For example here we have the Fco. Fajardo Highway in both pictures we can see the enormous amount of cars and as many cars there are so much noise can be. And in both cases we can’t find any kind of intension to try to lower the noise issues.
 * ACOUSTIC **

There are five basic components of circulation: approach to an object, entrance to a place or building, configuration of the path, the relationship between path and space, and the form of the circulation. Here in these photos we can see many types of circulation in Caracas. In the first photo we can see the Fco. Fajardo Highway from above. It’s one of the most important ways of circulation in Caracas; it connects the east with the west of the city. But there is a problem in Caracas there are too many people for the amount and the size of the streets. Therefore for example this important connection gets jammed and the circulation is not so efficient any more. There is also other kind of circulations. The circulation I nside a building. Here we can see the San Ignacio Mall. In this photo we observe the different levels inside the mall and with it the vertical circulation, the mechanic stairs and the elevator. The next photo as well we can see many levels outside the Teresa Careño Building where the circulation is basically the same. Next photo we can see a connection between two building true a bridge. It can bee useful with tall buildings like this one. Next photo we can see the skeleton of the Parque Central building. Here it’s a perfect picture of the different levels inside a building a good example of horizontal circulation.
 * CIRCULATION **

And at last we can see a photo of Petare our most famous none planed city. Here it’s a perfect example of the circulation problems inside our city. With all these none planed citys or developments there are no planning control, so the circulation is one of the worst problems. Most of the time the only way these houses are connected to the outside world is true stairs created by the people. The great ventages in vertical and horizontal circulation existing in well planned developments, here just does not exist.

Colors itself produces differents reactions in people, because it affects they feelings. Also it’s used to make more attractive the space, because it can exist a composition of colors, shapes, and shadows, in a one place. The most of cities in Venezuela are built by two realities, the formal city and the neighborhoods, and both of them give an interesting vicual contrast. The first and second picture is an expression of arts in the formal city. It’s a wall made by Carlos Cruz Diez locate near to Venezuela square (Caracas). In this wall we can see a composion of lines and color that create an optical ilusion of movement. Also it has a defined rhymtm and is constantly observed by all passers. Then, we have a picture of a building very know by the “Caraqueños”, the Parque Cristal building in “Los Palos Grandes”. Is a different design built by glass as most characteristc material that allows the reflection of the sky simulating it´s color. The next picture is an example of a contrast that produces into the other reality of our cities, the neighborhoods where we can see a fusion of constructions that blend with nature in an explosion of colors and shapes. Finally the nature is an import element in a great square like Altamira square where flowers contrast with the water and the Ávila.
 * COLOR **

The nights in Caracas are wonderful, because the lighting of buildings and houses of the formal city and neighborhoods create a composition with  malls, streets and squares. We have exiting pictures that allows show a unique and united city, where people that cross the city by car forget al differences of culture, religión, social status and admires a show a true spectacle of __General Lighting__    that also create new colors that not exist in the day. __The Accent Lighting__ is used in malls, boulevars and streets to noted Some interest place or store, like in the San Ignacio mall.
 * LIGHTING **

RHYTHM In __Urban planning__   rhythm is used to create a logical organization of buildings in a space, with differents or similar architectural characteristics of color, dimensions, in a game of filled spaces and empty spaces, symmetry, functionality and beauty. The rhythm in our city is very irregular, and is defined by elements very located like a baseball stadium in conjunction with avenues like in the first picture, where are elements that structure the tissue and flows of Caracas, where we can see high and low buildings segregated and mixed with nature (trees and mountains). In a small scale we have an “ Escultura Hidrocinética”  very interesting located at Simon Bolivar University that is  colloquially  known by students how “La poceta de King Kong” where many steal elements allows  movement achieved through water features.

**SPACE AND SCALE** Scale it’s the relationship between the human been and the space. It also depends on the dimensions, the function of the object and the use in comparison to the human been. It can be also seen as the mathematical proportions between the real dimensions of the space and the objects. In the case of the space the architects and Urban Planners have a different view in this mater. But it is clear that it is the emptiness between something. For the architects the space is an emptiness that usually is covered with some elements and for the urban planners the scale is the emptiness between the floor, the façade, the ceiling/ roof and the enclosing. But both speak about the characteristics of the space in general. Here is the San Ignacio mall where we can see the relationship between the space and the people and also the different scales depending in which floor the people are walking. The dynamics in each floor it’s different and there for the space and the scale are different, it’s a way of emphasizing the activity in place. Next is the Parque central building in which we can see the scale between a person eye and the building. These photo was taking from the sidewalk and it is how the people sence the surrounding. In these case the building it’s very tall and it gives a kind of powernes and majesty because of it height. Here we can see another example of the difference between the people and the building. It gives an impression of a tall building and a many levels inside but however it’s insides it a big emptiness giving an impression of maitines. The last two pictures we can see one of our biggest problems. It urbanization called Veredas de Coche. Here we can observe the big difference between the houses that at the most it has 2 stores and the huge building in his back which has 20 levels. IT gives an impression that the building would crush the small houses in his surroundings. There is no cushion between these two objects.

The texture of an element is the first thing we perceive through sight, and is related to the physical and chemical characteristics of the object observed. Also it’s refers to the properties and sensations cause by the external surface of objects received through the tact. In urban design floor texture difference spaces like streets, sidewalks, parking lots, common areas and others. In architecture texture is used to manipulate the sensory experience of people. texture of Caracas is based in the material and high of buildings, that cause effects in people and allows define an commercial, financial, of busines or residential activity. Separating the city in a metropolitan area or local area. In the pictures we can see importants buildings like the “Cubo Negro” or the tower of Parque Central, where the commercial and busines are the most important activity. Then in contrast, have a local scale based in construction with less flashy texture. Is a texture representative of Colonial period, with tile roofs and floor texture adapted for the passage of horses and the first cars.
 * TEXTURE **

**CONCLUSION** For all these reason, we can say that Caracas and Venezuela are unique, because have many realities, mixtures, social contrast, history, beauty and others elements that are reflected    in how we build the city. Nowadays, we Live in a city where exists many social and politics conflicts, but where we even can enjoy many forms of arts, modernity and expression.